There is no way to force invocation of the cut callback since that is not needed. If a callback is installed then CPLEX will always invoke it at the appropriate stages of the solution process.
A cut callback will not be invoked if the problem is solved before the cut loop is entered, so what you need for testing is a model that does not solve at/before the root node. Does any of your test models go into the Branch-and-Bound phase? If you have a model for which CPLEX does Branch-and-Bound but does not invoke the cut callback, could you post the CPLEX log here?
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