You all beat me to it! Great job community!
As a recap for others, there are three ways that you usually get things from UI Views:
1) binding - this is when the data to view connection is pretty obvious like a string variable and a text UI View to see/edit it - this is the one-to-one approach
2) UI View Public JavaScript methods - this is common when the UI Views are more complex and in addition to being able to control various aspects of a view's UI, they can also be used to get set data associated with the view
3) events - most views do (should) expose events so sneaky developers like you all can hook in and do more interesting things when something happens to the view. As shown in this thread, an easy approach is to just add a console (or my favourite - debugger; ) to the event and see what you get passed.

One note on the document ID, you see it has a prefix that is used by CMIS to identify the objects type. If you are going to make any direct FIleNet API calls, just strip that off and pair your GUID with the FIleNet object store ID where the doc lives.
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