Thanks @Rohit Chauhan for your very useful answer!
Following the article you linked, I went to the blog article (link at the bottom): https://community.ibm.com/community/user/power/blogs/manjunath-shanbhag1/2021/04/16/vios-maintenance-validation-and-backuprestore.
And this one makes it clear:
Backup that is created without NIMOL Resource (mksysb image) can be transferred to NIM server and a standard mksysb system installation can be used to restore the VIOS.
Backup that is created with NIMOL Resource (the .tar file) can be used to restore the VIOS from HMC using the Network Installation Management (NIM) on Linux facility and the installios command.
At first, I didn't take care of the NIMOL "thing" (unchecked by default). I don't have any NIM server, so why should I? 😉
But, in fact, it is mandatory to include NIMOL in backup in order to reinstall a VIOS without the help of a NIM server!
My first backups were just pure MKSYSB images.
I just created another backup with NIMOL included then transferred it to my IBM i: this time the tar -tf command is happy.
I won't test it now, not until my current case with IBM Support is closed. But I will: backups are useless until you are able to restore them!
I'll post back when done.