@Amanda Deschenes,
#,##0.0000 works for me. Do note that you have an extra " in your formula - NumberFormat(test,""#,##0.0000").
NumberFormat works on reports, charts and Label columns in data tables (where number is stored as a label such as Account Number or Employee ID).
For some reason, Numeric columns in data tables do not show more than 3 decimals. I remember trying to do 4 decimals with cloud data, where unit rates can sometimes go to several decimal places, but it only displayed 3 at most. However, it wasn't being rounded; the underlying data did have as many decimals as the ingested data, just that the display was limited to 3 decimal places.
If you must show 4 decimals in data table, consider converting to a Label column and then using NumberFormat. You can then use the Value() formula to operate on the numeric values in that Label column. Hope this helps.