Here is the reorganized text, focusing on the depth analysis of the consistent hashing algorithm:
Consistent hashing maps server IDs to a ring using a hash function. Incoming requests are hashed to the same ring and assigned to the server next to it in the clockwise direction.
Challenges and Limitations
1. Skew: A single server may manage a disproportionate number of requests, leading to overload and decreased performance.
2. Connection Churn: Changes in server topology can lead to a large number of requests being reassigned, causing connection churn.
Amazon's Improvement: Multiple IDs per Server
Assigning multiple IDs to each server reduces skew and leads to a more balanced distribution of requests.
Google's Innovation: Bandicorporate Sequence
Google's innovation introduces a bandicorporate sequence, which constrains the load variance amongst servers. This ensures requests are distributed evenly, minimizing the risk of overload.
Benefits and Results
1. 90% Reduction in Connection Churn: Minimizes connection churn, leading to faster processing and improved user experience.
2. Improved Load Balancing: Requests are distributed more evenly across servers, reducing the risk of overload.
3. Enhanced Scalability: Handles changes in server topology efficiently, making it ideal for large-scale distributed systems.
Technical Details
1. Hash Function: Consistent hashing uses a hash function to map server IDs to a ring.
2. Ring Structure: The ring structure allows for efficient addition and removal of servers.
3. Request Assignment: Incoming requests are hashed to the same ring and assigned to the server next to it in the clockwise direction.
References
- Karger, D., Lehman, E., Leighton, T., Panigrahy, R., Levine, M., & Lewin, D. (1997). Consistent hashing and random trees: Distributed caching protocols for relieving hot spots on the World Wide Web. Proceedings of the 29th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, 654-663.
- Amazon. (2014). Consistent Hashing.
- Google. (2019). Bandicorporate Sequence for Consistent Hashing.
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suman suhag
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Original Message:
Sent: Fri February 21, 2025 05:11 PM
From: Paul Watson
Subject: Changing the owner of a database
There has been a RFE for this for decades On 2/21/2025 4:07 PM, Mike Walker via IBM TechXchange Community wrote:
010001952a8ce53b-8ab9755a-1a88-49ad-96ce-99c7d8df86c8-000000@email.amazonses.com"> I wish there was a quick way, but unfortunately it requires unloading everything, creating the database with the new owner, and importing... -posted to the "Informix" group
Original Message:
Sent: 2/21/2025 5:07:00 PM
From: Mike Walker
Subject: RE: Changing the owner of a database
I wish there was a quick way, but unfortunately it requires unloading everything, creating the database with the new owner, and importing everything back.
I think that there is an RFE asking for this functionality.
Mike
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Mike Walker
xDB Systems, Inc
www.xdbsystems.com
Original Message:
Sent: Fri February 21, 2025 05:02 PM
From: John Dargan
Subject: Changing the owner of a database
What is the quickest way to change the owner of an Informix database to a different user? I tried searching on the internet for the answer to this question, and I didn't find one.
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John Dargan
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